07-07-2019, 01:02 AM
One of the first things you discover when arc welding is the surprising distorton which occurs on cooling. The contracting metal exerts a very strong force. If a bead is laid along a heavy strip it will curl the strip toward the bead. At least with larger kingpins not too loose, a bead around the eye is sufficent to contract the heat softened eye. (For quality repairs of general engineering items successive beads were often peened after to expand the metal and reduce distortion and locked up stress)